Filing an Application unless you Have already Resided in the Czech Republic  

You can apply for some types of residence permit unless having resided in the Czech Republic before applying. Such types are strictly regulated by law.   

EU CITIZENS AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS

FAMILY MEMBERS

THIRD-COUNTRY NATIONALS

If you are an EU citizen, you can apply for a residence permit, even though you have not been granted any yet.

But nevertheless, you have to submit a proof of having (had) a previous continuous stay in the Czech Republic.